Can cervical polyps harm pregnancy?

Cervical polyps are usually harmless and do not affect pregnancy. In many cases, they remain small and do not cause complications. Your doctor will monitor them during check-ups and suggest treatment only if necessary.

What are the symptoms of cervical polyps in pregnancy?

Many people with cervical polyps have no symptoms at all. When symptoms do appear, they can include light vaginal bleeding or increased cervical polyp discharge.

Cervical Polyps in Pregnancy: Causes, Risks, and Care

Sometimes, pregnancy can bring unexpected health concerns, like cervical polyps. These are growths on the cervix that are usually harmless, but can sometimes cause discomfort during pregnancy. You might not even notice any symptoms if you have a cervical polyp. In many cases, they are found by your doctor during a regular pelvic exam or an ultrasound. Each case is different, and your care will depend on your symptoms and overall health.

What Are Cervical Polyps?

The cervix is the narrow passage connecting your uterus to your vagina. Cervical polyps are small, soft growths that form on the cervix or inside the cervical canal. They’re usually finger-shaped, smooth, and can be red, purple, or greyish-white. Their size can vary; some are as tiny as a sesame seed, while others can grow as large as a golf ball.

Most cervical polyps are benign, meaning they’re not cancerous. However, a very small percentage may become precancerous, so doctors often check them to be safe. They’re more common in individuals aged 30 to 50, especially if you’ve had children before or are pregnant.

Causes of Cervical Polyps During Pregnancy?

Doctors are not completely sure why cervical polyps develop. But pregnancy itself can create conditions that make them more likely to appear:

Hormonal changes: Pregnancy causes a surge in oestrogen, a hormone that can stimulate tissue growth in the cervix.
Increased blood flow: During pregnancy, more blood flows to your cervix. This can cause engorgement of blood vessels and lead to the growth of polyps.
Cervical irritation or inflammation: Chronic inflammation of the cervix, vagina, or uterus can play a role.
Blocked blood vessels: Clogged blood vessels near the cervix may contribute to polyp growth.

Symptoms of Cervical Polyps

Many people with cervical polyps don’t notice any symptoms if the polyps are small. However, symptoms can be concerning if they do appear. Here’s what to watch for:

Spotting or bleeding: Light bleeding or spotting is common after intercourse, a vaginal exam, or between periods.
Heavy periods: Unusually heavy bleeding during your menstrual cycle.
Vaginal discharge: You might have white or yellow cervical polyp discharge, sometimes with a foul smell if an infection is present.
Pain or discomfort: Some individuals feel soreness or discomfort, particularly after intercourse.
Irregular menstrual cycles: About half of individuals with cervical polyps experience irregular periods.

How Do Cervical Polyps Affect Pregnancy?

Cervical polyps can sometimes impact your pregnancy:

Effects on You

Increased vaginal discharge: Polyps can lead to more discharge, which may raise the risk of infections.
Mental health concerns: Worrying about polyps can leave you feeling stressed or anxious, and that added pressure is not good for your overall well-being during pregnancy.
Delivery complications: Large polyps might block the cervix, making a natural delivery difficult. Your doctor might suggest a caesarean section in such a case.
Bleeding risks: Polyps can sometimes lead to prolonged bleeding.

Effects on Your Baby

Risk of miscarriage or preterm birth: Individuals with cervical polyps have a higher risk of miscarriage or preterm delivery compared to those without polyps. The risk can be greater for people who are using assisted reproductive technologies.

Cervical polyps are common during pregnancy and usually harmless. While they can sometimes cause spotting, extra discharge, or mild discomfort, most do not affect your baby. If the growths are larger, your doctor will monitor them closely, so you can stay relaxed and focus on your pregnancy without unnecessary stress.

FAQs on Cervical Polyps: Causes and Their Impact on Pregnancy

Can cervical polyps harm pregnancy?
Cervical polyps are usually harmless and do not affect pregnancy. In many cases, they remain small and do not cause complications. Your doctor will monitor them during check-ups and suggest treatment only if necessary.
What are the symptoms of cervical polyps in pregnancy?
Many people with cervical polyps have no symptoms at all. When symptoms do appear, they can include light vaginal bleeding or increased cervical polyp discharge.