But the good news is: with the right diagnosis and treatment, we can manage thyroid function effectively. Once your thyroid hormones are stable, many people find that their fertility improves, and successful conception becomes very possible.
If you’re having trouble getting pregnant, it’s a good idea to have your thyroid checked as part of your fertility tests. Finding any thyroid problems early gives you a chance to treat them quickly, which can help avoid bigger issues and improve your chances of having a baby. Often, different specialists like endocrinologists, gynaecologists, and fertility experts work together to create the best treatment plan for you. This kind of team approach makes sure you get the care you need to support your journey to becoming a parent.
Planning Pregnancy with Thyroid Disorders
Before trying to conceive, speak to your doctor and get your thyroid function tested. This helps:- Optimise your medication dose
- Lower risks of miscarriage or complications
- Monitor for antibodies that may affect the baby
For Hypothyroidism:
The levothyroxine dose might need to be adjusted before conception. A TSH level below 2.5 means fewer risks for you and your baby.For Hyperthyroidism:
Antithyroid drugs are preferred in early pregnancy. If you’re pregnant, it’s better to avoid block and replace methods.During Pregnancy
Pregnancy increases your body’s demand for thyroid hormones, especially in the first trimester.If you have hypothyroidism:
You may need a higher dose of medicine, often increased by 25-50 mcg daily or doubled for two days a week.Regular thyroid tests are essential to maintain appropriate hormone levels.
If you have hyperthyroidism:
Antithyroid medicines are preferred in early pregnancy, and ask your doctor if you should switch to any other intervention later.Keep the dose as low as possible to avoid affecting the baby's thyroid.
Radioactive iodine must never be used during pregnancy.
Surgery is rare but safer in the second trimester if required.
Potential complications (if not well-managed):
- Miscarriage
- Preterm birth
- Baby’s thyroid becoming underactive
- High blood pressure during pregnancy
After the Baby is Born
Post-delivery, your thyroid hormone needs may change.For Hypothyroidism:
Return to your pre-pregnancy dose of levothyroxine.Get your TSH levels checked a few weeks postpartum.
Breastfeeding is safe while taking levothyroxine.
For Hyperthyroidism:
There is a risk of relapse, especially after giving birth.Blood tests around three months postpartum are advisable.
Low doses of antithyroid drugs are often safe during breastfeeding, but always talk to your doctor.
Postpartum Thyroiditis
About 5-10% of new parents experience postpartum thyroiditis. It starts as hyperthyroidism, often unnoticed. This may turn into hypothyroidism, which can cause fatigue, sadness, or weight gain. It often clears up in 6–12 months, but about 30% develop long-term hypothyroidism. Future pregnancies carry a 50% risk of recurrence. Before your next pregnancy, check your thyroid function again.Key Tips to Remember
- Always inform your obstetrician and endocrinologist about your thyroid history
- Get tested before, during, and after pregnancy
- Breastfeeding is usually safe with proper medication monitoring
- If someone in your family has thyroid issues, others should get checked too
But here’s the truth: with the right care, timely tests, and a good support system, you’re not just managing your thyroid, you’re taking control of your pregnancy journey.
Every step you take to understand your body brings you closer to a healthier you and a healthier baby. So don’t stress the diagnosis. Trust your doctors, stay consistent with medication, and lean into the joy of motherhood.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only. Always consult your doctor for personalised medical guidance.
FAQs on Why Thyroid Health Matters Before You Conceive
- Can I get pregnant if I have thyroid issues?
Yes. Once your thyroid hormones are stabilised with the right treatment, conception is very possible. - Do I need to switch or stop any medications while I’m pregnant?
Most likely, yes. Hypothyroidism generally needs a higher dose of levothyroxine. Hyperthyroidism may require switching medications. - Can I still breastfeed safely if I'm taking thyroid meds?
Yes. Levothyroxine and low-dose antithyroid medications are generally considered safe during breastfeeding. - What is postpartum thyroiditis?
It’s a temporary inflammation of the thyroid that may cause hyper- or hypothyroid symptoms after childbirth. Some people may need medication temporarily. - Should I stop medication if I’m trying to conceive?
Never stop thyroid medication without medical advice. Uncontrolled thyroid function can affect conception and pregnancy outcomes. - Do thyroid issues affect male fertility?
Yes, particularly hyperthyroidism can reduce sperm count. However, fertility usually returns to normal after treatment.
