In this article:
Understanding fertility tests and comparing them with the most common HSG test will help you find answers to all your fertility concerns.
What Is an HSG Test?
The HSG test is an X-ray procedure to check for any abnormalities inside your uterus and blockages in your fallopian tubes. Fallopian tubes are very crucial in achieving pregnancy as the sperm meets an egg in this part of the female reproductive system. Fertilisation cannot happen if any of the tubes are blocked.You may expect the following steps in the HSG test.
- A contrast dye (a special fluid that shows up on X-rays) is gently inserted into your uterus through your cervix.
- X-ray images are then taken to see how the dye moves.
- A healthy uterus and open fallopian tubes allow the dye to move freely through them.
- A blocked fallopian tube will stop the flow of dye.
The entire process is quick and typically takes less than half an hour. Your doctor may recommend this test after your period ends, but before ovulation begins, between days 7 and 10 of your cycle.
Why Is the HSG Test Important?
Your doctor may suggest an HSG test if you have been unsuccessful in trying to conceive for over a year (or 6 months if you're over 35). They can check for blockages that may be preventing the sperm from fertilising an egg.The HSG test is especially helpful in the following conditions.
- Pelvic infections
- Previous surgeries on your uterus or tubes.
- Endometriosis
- Multiple miscarriages
The HSG test can even slightly increase your chances of getting pregnant in the next few months after the test. The chances improve because the dye used in the test clears the minor blockages from he tubes.
How Does HSG Compare to Other Fertility Tests?
Now that you know that HSG checks the tubes, what do the other tests check? The following test explanations will clear all your queries.1. Transvaginal Ultrasound
This common test uses sound waves to examine the physical structure of your uterus and ovaries. The process is completed in the following steps.- A small probe is inserted into your vagina.
- Your doctor can examine the size of your ovaries and assess the presence of cysts, fibroids, or polyps in your uterus.
- It also checks your egg reserve through the number of follicles (tiny sacs that hold eggs) present in your ovaries.
HSG vs. Ultrasound: An HSG test checks if your tubes are open, while an ultrasound shows if your uterus and ovaries are healthy. Both are important and provide a clear indication of your fertility.
2. Hormone Blood Tests
Your hormones are equally important in your fertility as much as your organs. Blood tests are suggested to check the following hormones.- FSH, LH: These control your menstrual cycle and ovulation.
- AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone): Shows your ovarian reserve (the number of viable eggs you have left).
- Thyroid hormones (TSH): An underactive or overactive thyroid may affect your periods.
- Prolactin: High levels may suppress other hormones necessary for ovulation.
- Progesterone: Confirms whether ovulation has occurred.
HSG vs. Hormone Tests: HSG checks the physical pathway (tubes and uterus). Blood tests check the internal balance of hormones that affect fertility.
3. Semen Analysis (for Your Partner)
Fertility struggles are not just related to a female's anatomy. It can also be due to a male's reproductive health. A semen analysis is required in such cases to check the following aspects.- Sperm count
- Sperm movement (motility)
- Sperm shape (morphology)
It is a simple test that gives an idea of sperm health in males.
HSG vs. Semen Analysis: HSG examines the female reproductive organs, while semen analysis assesses male fertility factors.
4. Sonohysterography (Saline Ultrasound)
This test is similar to an HSG but uses saline (saltwater) instead of dye and does not produce X-rays. It shows the health of your uterine lining and detects the presence of polyps, fibroids, or other abnormalities.HSG vs. Sonohysterography: HSG focuses more on tubes, while saline ultrasound checks your uterus lining. However, they both involve fluid and imaging.
The first step in your fertility journey is understanding how your reproductive system works. The HSG is an essential test that clearly shows the health of your uterus and fallopian tubes. They both play a crucial role in achieving a successful pregnancy.
Each fertility test checks your hormones, structure, egg count, or even your partner’s sperm. The combined results from these tests give valuable information about your fertility.
All of these tests can help you achieve your fertility goals when you have access to the right information and support.
FAQs on HSG vs. Other Fertility Tests: What’s the Difference?
- Is HSG necessary for all women trying to conceive?
HSG is only recommended for women who have been unsuccessful in getting pregnant after trying for 6 to 12 months. - Can I get pregnant naturally after an HSG test?
The chances of getting pregnant increase slightly after an HSG test because the dye clears out minor blockages from the tube. Many women even conceive within the first few months after the test, but it is still not an assured way.
