Trying to Conceive While Breastfeeding: Is It Possible and What You Should Know

Thinking about having a second baby while still breastfeeding your first? It’s a common question: Can you actually conceive during this time? The answer is yes. While breastfeeding can delay ovulation and act as a natural form of birth control, it's not foolproof. Fertility can return sooner than expected, meaning pregnancy is still very much possible during the breastfeeding phase.

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Pregnancy can feel like a long and challenging journey filled with both physical discomfort and emotional ups and downs. After giving birth, breastfeeding becomes a crucial part of your baby’s growth and development. You may hear mixed opinions; some say breastfeeding prevents pregnancy, while others insist it’s still possible to conceive. The truth is, you can get pregnant while breastfeeding. Understanding the link between breastfeeding and fertility can help you make informed decisions and even guide you if you're planning to conceive again during this phase.

What is the relationship between breastfeeding and fertility?

When breastfeeding your baby in the early weeks, ovulation usually doesn’t occur, especially if you’re exclusively breastfeeding. However, as breastfeeding patterns change, the chances of ovulation, and therefore pregnancy, can increase. Ovulation is more likely to return if you:
  • Pump breastmilk instead of nursing directly
  • Supplement breastfeeding with formula or other foods
  • Introduce solid foods to your baby

Is it possible to become a mother while breastfeeding?

The answer is yes. Breastfeeding may help delay the return of fertility, but it is not a reliable method of contraception. If you do not wish to conceive again soon, you can consider the lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM) for up to 6 months, but only if you meet specific criteria such as exclusive breastfeeding and no return of menstruation.
Be sure to consult your doctor about additional contraceptive options that are safe during breastfeeding.
For those trying to conceive, understanding your fertility patterns during breastfeeding can help guide your journey.

Signs of fertility

Ovulation may return as early as 3 to 6 months after childbirth, even while breastfeeding, but this can vary widely. Factors such as how often you breastfeed, your body’s natural rhythm, and individual health differences can all influence the timing. Everyone's body responds differently, and fertility signs may not be the same for all genders or family plans. Some common signs of returning fertility include:
1. Change in cervical mucus: When you are ovulating, the cervical mucus turns clear and slippery. If it appears like egg whites, you are fertile again.
2. Sudden pain: You may feel a mild vaginal pain or twinges during the ovulation. It may occur on one side of your lower abdomen.
3. Sexual arousal: The changing hormones during breastfeeding may increase your sex drive. You may notice a boost in your libido, which can be associated with ovulation, but it is not a definite sign
4. Return of periods: If you get your period back while breastfeeding, it means you are fertile. However, you may experience an irregular period cycle.
5. Change in the breastfeeding pattern: Do you spot any visible differences in the breastfeeding pattern? If yes, you are ready for ovulation. Changes in your baby’s feeding patterns, such as shorter or less frequent nursing sessions, can sometimes coincide with the return of your fertility. However, these changes vary from person to person and are not a guaranteed sign of ovulation.
6. Rise in body temperature: You must check your body temperature to see whether you are ovulating. If you notice an increase in body temperature for 3 days, it shows you are fertile. Measure the body temperature properly to see the results. Choose a digital thermometer to get the best results.
7. Tenderness in your breasts: Another way to see whether you are ovulating is by feeling your breasts. If they become sensitive, the chances of fertility increase.

Is it safe to continue breastfeeding during the second pregnancy?

Yes, it is generally safe to continue breastfeeding or chestfeeding during pregnancy. Regardless of your gender identity or family planning goals, you may need additional calories and nutrients to support both your body and the growing fetus (if you are pregnant).
Your nipples may feel more sensitive, which is normal. If you've experienced pregnancy loss or complications in the past, speak to your healthcare provider before trying to conceive again or continuing to nurse during a subsequent pregnancy.
As you begin your journey to conceive, be aware that your baby might start to nurse less. This can happen because the taste of breast milk may change during the early months of pregnancy, which some babies may notice.

Tips to conceive while breastfeeding without a period

Don’t worry if you haven’t had your period while breastfeeding and are hoping to conceive. With the right approach, it’s possible to get pregnant during this stage, even without a regular menstrual cycle.
  • Adjust Your Breastfeeding Routine
To boost your chances of conceiving, try modifying your breastfeeding pattern. Offering more pumped milk instead of nursing directly can reduce breastfeeding time, which may lower prolactin levels, a hormone that can suppress ovulation. Try to leave a gap of at least 6 hours between nursing sessions, especially at night. Supplementing with formula or solid foods can also reduce nursing frequency and encourage your fertility to return.
  • Make Lifestyle Changes
A few lifestyle tweaks can support your journey if you're actively trying to conceive. Aim for regular intercourse, every 4 to 5 days, to increase your chances of conception. If you experience vaginal dryness during breastfeeding (a common concern), consider using a lubricant. Just be sure to choose one that’s fertility-friendly and free from spermicides to avoid irritation or potential issues.
  • Quit Smoking
Smoking is harmful, especially during breastfeeding. Nicotine can affect both your health and your baby’s. Quitting may feel challenging, but it's possible with support from friends or loved ones. Taking this step not only benefits your baby but also improves your fertility and overall well-being.
  • Focus on a Nourishing Diet
Good nutrition plays a key role when you’re trying to conceive. Omega-3 fatty acids are especially helpful, so try to include foods like fatty fish, pumpkin seeds, and canola oil in your meals. These healthy fats can support hormone balance and overall reproductive health.
In summary, it is possible to conceive while breastfeeding. However, the timing of ovulation can vary based on factors such as how often you breastfeed and your individual recovery after childbirth. Tracking your basal body temperature and adjusting feeding routines may help you understand your fertility patterns better. It's best to consult your doctor for personalised guidance and support.

FAQs on Trying To Conceive While Breastfeeding: Is It Possible and What You Should Know

  1. Can I ovulate without getting my period?
    Yes, you can ovulate within 2 weeks before the first postpartum period. You can conceive even without a period.
  2. Will weaning help you conceive faster?
    Yes, it is a good tip to get pregnant faster. You can reduce the time you breastfeed during the night hours. This will decrease prolactin levels and help you get ovulation faster. Partial weaning may also help you conceive faster.
  3. When should I consult the doctor if I am not getting pregnant?
    If you are not pregnant after trying for 6 months since the return of your period, consult a fertility expert. You will get the right guidance on the ovulation cycle and pregnancy from a medical expert.
Disclaimer: Medically approved by Dr. Kavitha Kovi, Head of Department - Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Aster Women & Children Hospital, Bengaluru