10 Tips to Prevent Preterm Labour

Preterm labour happens when you go into labour before 37 weeks. It can be linked to infections, stress, weight issues, or lifestyle factors. To help prevent it, attend all antenatal appointments, stay physically active, and eat a healthy diet. Stay connected with your doctor for the right guidance and regular monitoring throughout your pregnancy.

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Preterm labour happens when your body starts preparing for birth too early, usually before 37 weeks of pregnancy. It can lead to an early delivery, which may put your baby at risk for health problems. That’s why it’s important to know what it is and what you can do to reduce the risk. You might not be able to prevent every case, but there are ways to take care of yourself and give your baby the best chance to grow to full term.



If you’ve had a preterm birth before or you’ve been told you're at higher risk, it’s natural to feel worried. But don’t lose hope. Many people with risk factors still go on to have healthy, full-term pregnancies. Below are some simple tips that may help prevent preterm labour.


1. Attend Regular Antenatal Care

Going to all your antenatal appointments is one of the most important things you can do. These visits allow your doctor to monitor your health and your baby’s growth, spotting any issues early. At your first booking appointment, your doctor will assess any risks based on your pregnancy history. Regular check-ups include ultrasound scans, blood tests, and checks for complications like preeclampsia or infections.


2. Stay Physically Active

Being active during pregnancy can lower your risk of preterm labour and bring other benefits like better mood, improved sleep, and reduced chances of gestational diabetes. However, any form of exercise should be done strictly as advised by your treating doctor. Always check with your doctor before starting or continuing any routine.


3. Manage Your Mental Health

Stress during pregnancy might increase the risk of preterm labour, so finding ways to reduce it is important. Some stress is normal, but try to limit it where possible. Talk to your doctor if you’re feeling overwhelmed or struggling with mental health. They can connect you with support to help you feel more at ease. Being open about your feelings allows your care team to provide the right help to keep you and your baby healthy.


4. Maintain a Healthy Weight

Your weight before and during pregnancy matters. Being underweight can raise the risk of spontaneous preterm birth. On the other hand, being overweight may lead to complications like gestational diabetes or preeclampsia, which can result in a planned preterm birth. Work with your doctor to achieve a healthy weight through a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole-wheat carbs. If discussing weight feels uncomfortable, let your doctor know so they can support you sensitively.


5. Avoid Harmful Substances

Certain lifestyle choices can increase the risk of preterm labour, so avoiding them is crucial:

  • Smoking: Smoking raises the risk of preterm birth, and the more you smoke, the higher the risk. Quitting as soon as possible protects your baby and improves their chances of a healthy start
  • Alcohol: Drinking during pregnancy increases preterm labour risks, with higher consumption leading to greater risks. The safest choice is to avoid alcohol completely.
  • Recreational drugs: Using illegal or recreational drugs can increase the chances of preterm birth. Be honest with your doctor if you’re using drugs. They can help you access support without judgment.


6. Prevent and Treat Infections

Infections can trigger preterm labour, particularly in the vaginal or urinary tract. To reduce your risk:

  • Get screened for infections like chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis, or bacterial vaginosis, as these are linked to preterm birth. Early treatment can lower risks.
  • Visit your dentist regularly, as gum disease (periodontitis) may contribute to preterm labour. Good oral hygiene can help prevent this, including cleanings above and below the gum line.
  • Avoid vaginal products like gels or douches, as some may disrupt your vaginal microbiome and increase preterm birth risk.


7. Take Folic Acid

Starting a folic acid supplement or its active form before pregnancy and continuing through the early months can reduce the risk of preterm birth. It also helps prevent serious birth defects. Begin taking it at least three months before trying to conceive, and discuss with your doctor to choose the right supplement and dosage for you.


8. Space Pregnancies Appropriately

If you’ve had a preterm birth before, waiting at least 18 months before getting pregnant again gives your body time to recover and lowers the risk of another preterm delivery. Using effective contraception right after giving birth can help you achieve this spacing. Talk to your healthcare professional about the best contraception options for you.


9.Consider Progesterone Treatment

If you’ve had a previous preterm birth before, you might be eligible for progesterone treatment in your next pregnancy. It can be beneficial and is usually given as oral medication or intramuscular injections. This treatment can help lower the chances of another early birth. Your healthcare professional will guide you through the process and explain how the treatment works.


10. Monitor for Preterm Labour Signs

Contact your healthcare professional immediately if you notice these symptoms before your due date:

  • Regular contractions every 10 minutes or so.
  • Constant dull backache.
  • Mild abdominal cramps.
  • Pelvic or lower abdominal pressure.
  • Vaginal spotting or light bleeding.
  • Fluid leaking from the vagina (water breaking).
  • Changes in vaginal discharge.
Preterm labour can’t always be avoided, but looking after your health gives your baby a better chance of arriving at the right time. The tips mentioned above are simple, everyday steps that can help lower your risk. Stay in touch with your healthcare professional, follow their advice, and speak up if you have any concerns. A little care goes a long way in supporting a healthy, full-term pregnancy.


FAQs on 10 Tips to Prevent Preterm Labour


  1. What causes preterm labour?
    It can be caused by infections, high stress levels, being underweight or overweight, smoking, alcohol, drug use, or certain pregnancy complications like preeclampsia.
  2. What are the signs of preterm labour I should watch for?
    Watch for regular contractions, backache, pelvic pressure, vaginal bleeding, fluid leakage, or changes in discharge. Call your doctor if you notice any of these.
Disclaimer: Medically approved by Dr Keerti Khetan, Director, Dept of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, CK Birla Hospital®, Delhi