How Iron Absorption Can Be Different in PCOD Pregnancies

When you have PCOD and get pregnant, your body’s iron intake may show up in different ways. Iron is really important when you’re pregnant, but PCOD can mess with your metabolism and hormones, and that can change how your body uses iron. Understanding these differences helps you protect both your baby's growth and your energy levels. This article guides you through the reasons, signs, and simple steps to efficiently manage iron absorption.

Pregatips

Pregnancy already welcomes different changes in your body, but the journey can become more confusing if you're dealing with PCOD. One thing you may not expect is that your iron levels can behave differently. You might absorb too much or too little iron in comparison to those who are pregnant without PCOD. Iron is extremely important for a healthy oxygen supply, keeping you energised, and helping your baby grow. That’s why these changes matter a lot.
Let's understand why this happens and what you can do to maintain your health.

Why Is Iron So Important During Pregnancy

Iron is important because it helps your body produce haemoglobin. It’s the protein in your blood that carries oxygen. When you’re pregnant, you need even more iron because:

  • Your baby needs it to grow a healthy brain.
  • Your blood volume increases by almost 50%.
  • Your placenta needs a more constant flow of oxygen.
This usually means you need 27 mg of iron per day during pregnancy. If you have PCOD, your body might have trouble absorbing or controlling iron properly.

Why Can PCOD Change the Way Your Body Absorbs Iron

PCOD impacts your metabolism, hormones, insulin function, and inflammation levels. These factors can significantly affect how your body absorbs iron.

1. Does Insulin Resistance Impact Iron Levels?

Yes. Most individuals with PCOD have a certain level of insulin resistance. This condition can increase the amount of iron stored in your body, making your cells absorb less iron from the food that you consume.

2. Could Long-term Inflammation Be a Factor?

PCOD can cause mild inflammation that boosts hepcidin, a hormone that controls iron levels. When hepcidin levels go up, the intestine doesn’t absorb iron as well.

3. Can Hormonal Imbalance Reduce Iron Absorption?

High androgen levels and irregular menstrual cycles are common in PCOD. Hormone issues can sometimes cause heavier periods before you’re pregnant. So, you might have less iron stored when you conceive. When pregnancy occurs, these low iron stores might have a hard time getting back to normal.

4. What If an Individual Is Overweight and Has PCOD?

If a person is overweight and has PCOD, they might have more inflammation, which can make it harder for the body to absorb iron. Studies show that in some cases, inflammation can reduce iron absorption by up to 30%.

What Are the Signs of Low Iron Absorption During Pregnancy

You may experience one or multiple symptoms:
  • Pale lips or skin
  • Fatigue even after getting enough rest
  • Fast heartbeat
  • Dizziness or weakness
  • Hair fall or brittle nails
  • Headaches or difficulty concentrating

Can Iron Ever Be “Too High” in PCOD Pregnancy

Yes, it's possible. Due to insulin resistance, those with PCOD sometimes have more stored iron, which can lead to higher ferritin levels. Check the signs of:
  • Body pain
  • Severe joint pain
  • Fatigue despite high iron levels
  • Issues with the digestive system

How Can You Naturally Improve Iron Absorption

Here are some simple steps that work well during pregnancy:

1. Pair Iron Foods with Vitamin C

Vitamin C improves iron absorption. Try these combinations:

  • Lemon water with your meals
  • Orange with poha
  • Tomato with leafy greens

2. Don’t Drink Coffee or Tea Right After You Eat

These can mess with how your body absorbs iron

3. Pick High-absorption Iron Sources

  • Beetroot
  • Dates
  • Spinach
  • Nuts
  • Jaggery
  • Lean meat if you're a non-vegetarian

4. Take Supplements Properly

If your doctor suggests iron pills:
  • Avoid taking them with calcium
  • Have them on an empty stomach
  • If it bothers your stomach, try taking it at night

5. Handle Insulin Resistance

Better insulin control helps you absorb iron better:
  • Eat small, balanced meals
  • Do easy exercises like prenatal yoga or walking
  • Make sure you get protein at every meal

When to Call the Doctor

You must seek medical help if:
  • Your heartbeat becomes unusually rapid
  • You feel extremely tired, faint, or breathless
  • You notice swelling along with weakness
  • You face extreme hair loss
  • Your test reports show very high or very low iron levels
Your doctor might check your:
  • Iron saturation
  • Ferritin
  • Haemoglobin
  • Blood sugar levels
  • Vitamin B12 and folate

What’s Next

  • Get iron and ferritin levels tested early.
  • Ask your doctor whether you need to take supplements.
  • Avoid tea or coffee with meals.
  • Add vitamin C-rich foods daily.
  • Don't self-medicate with iron tablets.
  • Keep yourself active.
  • Weekly, track your symptoms.
  • Keep your partner involved for emotional support.

Social & Emotional Support

PCOD pregnancies can feel more challenging, both physically and mentally. Dealing with mood swings, low energy, or fatigue caused by iron changes can make you feel overwhelmed. Sharing how you feel with your partner or loved ones can reduce stress and help you stay consistent with your diet and medicines.

Having people around definitely helps you attend check-ups, maintain a healthy diet, and stay motivated during pregnancy.

If you have PCOD when you get pregnant, it can mess with how your body uses iron because of hormones, insulin issues, and swelling, leading to a disruption in your iron levels, which influences the growth of your foetus and how energetic you feel. However, with frequent follow-ups, a healthy diet, and listening to your body, you can monitor your iron levels and have a healthy pregnancy.

Whether you’re pregnant, a new mom, or navigating postpartum, you don’t have to do it alone. Join our support group to connect, share, and support one another.

FAQs on How Iron Absorption Can Be Different in PCOD Pregnancies

  1. Do pregnant women who have PCOD require more iron than other pregnant women?
    Not always. You may need more or less iron, depending on your test results. You must check your level first before taking iron blindly.
  2. Is there any effect of PCOD on iron pill absorption?
    Yes, insulin resistance and swelling could mean some individuals might not absorb supplements effectively. Pairing them with vitamin C could do the trick.
  3. How early should I test iron levels during pregnancy with PCOD?
    You should do it in the first three months, and again in the next three, as you can make the necessary changes in the supplement.
Medically Reviewed By:
Dr Sushma K, Consultant-Obstetrician & Gynecologist, Apollo Hospitals, Sheshadripuram