Why Doctors Use Scans to Check Fluid Levels Around the Baby

When you are pregnant, doctors keep a close watch on the fluid around your baby because it’s extremely important for the baby's growth and safety. They use scans to check if the fluid levels are too low, just right, or too high. With early detection, doctors can guide you towards the proper care. Understanding why these scans matter gives you greater comfort and confidence throughout your pregnancy.

Pregatips
Think of amniotic fluid as a soft, secure cushion for your baby inside you. It guards them, helps them grow, and lets them breathe. Prenatal scans are the only way to look inside and see how things are going.
Knowing why doctors check this fluid can make you feel more ready and in charge during your pregnancy.


What Is Amniotic Fluid & Why Does It Matter?


Amniotic fluid is the transparent liquid that covers your baby inside the womb. Once you conceive, the fluid formation starts, and by the second trimester, it becomes one of the most crucial parts of your baby's environment.

This fluid helps your baby:

Usually, when you are in your second or third trimester, you have about 500 ml to 1 litre of amniotic fluid. Doctors use scans to keep an eye on this amount, making sure everything is okay for your baby’s growth.


Why Do Doctors Examine Fluid Levels Through Scans?


Is it possible to detect fluid levels without a scan?

No. You might feel bloated, heavy, or notice a big womb, but these signs don't confirm actual fluid levels. That's why doctors use ultrasound scans, which are the safest and most accurate method for checking amniotic fluid.

What do scans show that symptoms can't?

  • Whether the fluid is too high (polyhydramnios)
  • Whether the fluid is too low (oligohydramnios)
  • Whether your baby is moving properly
  • If the placenta is well-functioning
  • How fluid changes as your pregnancy progresses
Scans provide an instant, transparent view that helps your doctors make smart choices.


How Do Scans Measure the Fluid?


You may hear your physician talking about two common methods:

1. Amniotic Fluid Index or AFI

The scan divides your womb into four segments and measures each. A standard AFI is usually 8-18 cm.

2. Single Deepest Pocket or SDP

This measures the deepest visible pocket of fluid. A normal SDP is 2-8 cm.

These methods are painless and hardly take any time, and they offer valuable insights into your baby's health.


What Happens Due to a Low Fluid Level?


What causes low fluid levels?

You may have low fluids for reasons like:

  • Hormonal fluctuations
  • Dehydration
  • Placental issues
  • Overdue pregnancy
  • Leaking membranes
  • High blood pressure

How can low fluid impact your baby?

Your baby might not have enough room to move due to low fluid. This can impact lung development, muscle growth, and overall comfort.

What to expect now?

Your doctor may:

  • Recommend bed rest to boost circulation
  • Advice to drink more water
  • Monitor the baby more closely
Plan an earlier delivery if the baby is safer outside the womb.


What If the Fluid Is Too High?


Why does extra fluid build up?

Polyhydramnios can be linked to:

  • Multiple pregnancies
  • Gestational diabetes
  • Infections
  • The baby isn’t swallowing enough fluid

How could this affect your pregnancy?

Too much fluid could make you uncomfortable, cause breathlessness, or early contractions as your uterus stretches.

What can your doctor do?

First, they’ll figure out what’s happening. Then they might:

  • Tell you to keep an eye on your symptoms
  • Adjust what you should eat regularly
  • Check your sugar levels
  • Plan delivery accordingly


What Are the Alarming Signs?


Even though scans give you a clear picture, pay attention to your body. Call your doctor if you see:

  • Weird fluid leakage
  • Baby is moving a lot less all of a sudden
  • You are having trouble breathing
  • Pain or tightness that won’t go away
  • Your belly is growing too fast
  • Swollen hands or face with high blood pressure


How Can You Support Healthy Fluid Levels?


Here are the simple and practical steps you can take:

  • Aim for 8–10 glasses of water a day unless your doctor advises differently
  • If you have diabetes or blood pressure issues, regular check-ups are non-negotiable
  • Eat hydrating foods like fruits, vegetables, soups, and coconut water
  • Taking it easy with gentle walking and stretching during pregnancy can help improve blood flow
  • If something feels off all of a sudden, check with your doctor


What to Do Next?


  • Drink a lot of water often
  • Make sure you are aware of how your baby is moving
  • Check for any tightness in your womb or if it is getting larger
  • Tell your doctor about your conditions
  • Make sure to go to all your follow-ups


Emotional & Social Factors


You might feel worn out to know that your doctor has prescribed additional scans. You might wonder about your baby's safety or if you have done anything wrong. However, don't forget that most fluid issues are manageable with prompt care.

Talking to your partner can really take the edge off. Talking about how you feel with someone you really care about helps. Staying calm is good for a healthy pregnancy, so reach out for support when you need it.

Doctors use scans to check the fluid around the baby because it’s the best and safest way to keep tabs on things. Whether the fluid is low, high, or normal, early detection helps ensure the best possible care. Make sure to monitor yourself, don't be scared to ask for help, and stick to clean, healthy habits. That’s how you can feel good while carrying your baby and keep your baby healthy.

Whether you’re pregnant, a new mom, or navigating postpartum, you don’t have to do it alone. Join our support group to connect, share, and support one another.

FAQs on Why Doctors Use Scans to Check Fluid Levels Around the Baby

  1. How frequently should I check fluid levels during pregnancy?
    Your doctor usually checks them at regular sonography visits. You might need more frequent scans if the levels aren't normal.
  2. Can drinking more water fix the issue with low levels of fluid?
    Staying hydrated can really make a difference, especially if you are feeling dehydrated. Just be sure to listen to your doctor.
  3. Are unusual fluid levels dangerous for the baby?
    Not always. Many cases are mild and controllable. But they need to be monitored so that your baby grows safely.
Medically Reviewed By:
Dr Nazia Dalwai, Mbbs DGO, Teleconsult OBGYN physician