What Happens in the Operating Room During a C-Section

BySamradni Pradhan
Updated: 25 Nov 2025, 5:00 pm
Medical Reviewed by Dr. Manini Patel

A C-section is a common surgical procedure to deliver a baby. You may be scheduled for one, or you are curious about what happens. Knowing what to expect in the operating room can ease your worries. This guide can help you prepare for a C-section, so you know every step and feel more confident when the time comes.

Pregatips.com
When your due date approaches, you may want to be prepared in every way you can. Although vaginal delivery is common, your doctor may suggest a C-section after assessing your condition. You may find it intimidating when you hear you need surgery to deliver a baby. However, this method is also safe, and knowing what really happens inside the operating room helps you stay calm.
In this article:
A C-section is either planned or becomes necessary during labour due to several reasons. It is a standard process focused on bringing the baby safely into this world.

What Is a C-Section and Why Might You Need One?

A Cesarean section is a surgical procedure in which the baby is delivered through an incision made in the lower abdomen and uterus. It can be planned (elective) or performed due to an emergency during labour, considering your and your baby’s condition.
A C-section for the following reasons is common:
  • The baby is not in the right position (breech or transverse)
  • Labour is not progressing as expected
  • The umbilical cord or placenta causes complications
  • You have had a previous C-section
  • You are carrying multiples (twins or triplets)

What Happens Before You Enter the Operating Room?

You may feel worried about undergoing a C-section when you are unaware of what is happening. However, the medical team prepares you by following the steps mentioned below.
  • Vital signs checkup: Your heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen levels are checked before the surgery
  • IV line: An intravenous line is placed so that you can receive fluids and medications through it
  • Anaesthesia: A spinal or epidural block is given to numb the lower half of your body, so that you will be awake, but there will not be pain
  • Foley catheter: A small tube is placed to empty your bladder and keep the area clear
  • Disinfection and draping: Your abdomen is cleaned with an antiseptic solution, and sterile drapes are used to cover the surgical area

What Does the Operating Room Look Like?

The operating room may appear bright and full of people, but everyone has a specific role. You may observe the following things while you are there:
  • A surgical table where you will lie during the procedure
  • A monitor for tracking your vital signs.
  • A screen is placed near your chest so you don’t see the incision area.
  • A team of professionals, including the obstetrician, anaesthesiologist, nurses, and a paediatrician.

What Happens Once Surgery Begins?

Your lower body gets numb after anaesthesia takes effect, and your doctor starts the surgery.
  • The surgeon makes a small horizontal cut (about 10–15 cm) just above your pubic hairline.
  • Several thin layers are gently separated until the doctor reaches your uterus. They make a small incision to access your baby.
  • The baby is taken out of your womb. You may feel pressure or tugging without pain at this point.
  • You will hear your baby crying for the first time, which can be an emotional moment. The umbilical cord is then clamped and cut.
  • The paediatrician examines your baby’s breathing and heart rate. Your doctor can allow for skin-to-skin contact with your baby if everything looks good.
The process of incision and delivery takes 5-10 minutes, but closing the incision can take another 30-40 minutes.

What Do You Feel During the C-Section?

You may sense pressure or tugging in your abdomen, but feel no pain. It may be gentle as you are numb from the waist down. The anesthesiologist stays for the entire surgery to maintain your comfort.

You can tell them if you feel any discomfort or nausea so that they can adjust your medications.

What Happens After the Baby Is Born?

The medical team continues to care for you after you deliver the baby.
  • The placenta is removed carefully
  • The surgeon stitches your uterus and abdomen layer by layer using dissolvable stitches
  • The incision area is covered with a sterile dressing
  • Your baby may be placed on your chest for bonding if both of you are stable

What Should You Expect in the Recovery Room?

You may feel tired after the surgery, but it is normal. Nurses will monitor your vitals, which include:
  • Blood pressure and heart rate
  • Amount of bleeding
  • Pain levels

When Should You Contact Your Doctor?

Call your doctor if you experience any of the warning signs listed below:
  • Fever over 100.4°F (38°C)
  • Redness or pus from the incision site
  • Heavy bleeding or foul-smelling discharge
  • Severe pain not relieved by medication
  • Dizziness or trouble breathing

Checklist: How You Can Prepare for a C-Section

  • Discuss your delivery plan with your doctor before the due date
  • Pack your hospital bag and keep it ready to go
  • Let your doctor handle shaving the abdomen before surgery
  • Follow pre-surgery instructions (usually no food 6–8 hours before)
  • Seek emotional support during the post-surgery care at home
A C-section may sound daunting, but it is a routine procedure performed millions of times every year worldwide. You feel confident when you understand what is happening inside the operating room. The goal is to deliver the baby safely without risking your health.

Whether you’re pregnant, a new mom, or navigating postpartum, you don’t have to do it alone. Join our support group to connect, share, and support one another.

FAQs on What Happens in the Operating Room During a C-Section?

  1. Can I be awake during a C-section?
    Yes, you can be awake to experience your baby’s first moments under the influence of spinal or epidural anaesthesia. It blocks pain while keeping you alert.
  2. How long does a C-section take from start to finish?
    A typical C-section lasts for about 45-60 minutes, during which the baby is delivered in the first 10 minutes. The rest of the time is for closing the incision.
  3. Can my partner be with me during the surgery?
    It depends on the hospital, but most allow a partner to stay for emotional support, unless it is an emergency or general anaesthesia.

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How we reviewed this article
Our team continuously monitors the health and wellness space to create relevant content for you. Every article is reviewed by medical experts to ensure accuracy.

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