In this article:
Violence Is Not a Normal Aspect of Any Relationship
As stated by Dr Lakshmi, violence is not a normal aspect of any relationship and pregnancy cannot offer protection against abuse. Indeed, physical, psychological, or economic violence may start or intensify during the pregnancy period.This is important as, for some women, pregnancy is considered a protective period; it is a period when a partner will become more gentle or more attentive. But for other women, the opposite scenario takes place: the stress connected with the pregnancy, change of circumstances or inability of a partner to cope with the situation increases the risks of abuse.
The Effects of Physical Violence During Pregnancy
Physical violence (such as hitting, kicking, pushing or any type of blows) may cause injuries, bleeding, problems with the placenta, premature labour, as well as pregnancy loss in extreme situations. It is necessary to note that the abdomen is particularly vulnerable during pregnancy, as any blows to the abdomen may affect the placenta or fetus rather than just a woman.This is one reason doctors pay close attention to injury patterns that do not match the explanation given, or to injuries that specifically involve the abdomen.
The Effects of Emotional Abuse
Additionally, emotional abuse, threatening behaviours, controlling tendencies, and the continuous fear of violence may also negatively affect the mental state, sleep patterns, and general health of a woman. Although the signs of such types of abuse are not visible, the negative influence that they exert on both the physical and psychological state of the women during pregnancy should not be overlooked.Providing a Space for Discussion
During an antenatal visit, the healthcare provider should offer a safe and confidential environment allowing women to talk about their issues. A confidential conversation during a routine visit, without her partner present, can provide that opportunity.Warning Signs to Look Out For
Some warning signs may indicate potential family abuse, but none of these signs by themselves are indicators of family abuse. They include:- The occurrence of unexplained or poorly explained injuries
- Antenatal sessions being continually skipped
- Anxiety or depression that arises along with the pregnancy
- The partner answering all questions for the pregnant woman
- Changes in mood and confidence from previous sessions
When to See a Doctor
One should consult a doctor, preferably speaking to them during a regular appointment, if:- Fear, anxiety, or constant concern about how their partner will react is experienced
- Control over contact with relatives, friends, or visits to the doctor is exerted by a partner
- An injury has occurred that feels difficult to explain openly
- Any situation that simply does not feel safe
Identification of signs of domestic abuse while pregnant is the first step to safety. No woman needs to feel guilty for the abuse she experiences, and no pregnancy is an excuse for it.
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FAQs on Recognising Signs of Family Violence During Pregnancy
- Can family violence during pregnancy affect a baby even without a direct physical impact?
Indeed. Stress and fear due to emotional or psychological abuse will affect pregnancy due to stress hormones and lack of sleep. - Is it common for abuse to begin during the pregnancy phase and not build on previous abuse?
Yes, it is common. Pregnancy means that a lot is happening in the relationship, and sometimes the abuse may actually be a new thing in this period of time. - How do doctors distinguish between an injury that occurs accidentally and abuse?
The doctor takes into consideration the whole picture, which includes the location of the injury, its type, how consistent the story is and additional observations made during the visit.
